半夏组织培养方法的比较研究

研究半夏块茎组织培养,探讨不同灭菌方法对半夏成活率的影响及不同培养基对形态发生的影响,结果表明:0.1%的升汞灭菌15min效果最佳;2,4-D 0.5 mg/L(单位下同)与KT 1.0组合有利于愈伤组织形成,诱导率最高;6-BA 1.0 mg/L(单位下同)与NAA 0.2组合有利于愈伤组织增殖,增殖效果好;2,4-D 0.2与6-BA 1.5组合有利于芽的分化;IBA 0.3或NAA 0.2诱导生根效果好.     

不同百合花粉活力的测定方法比较

分别采用染色法和萌发法测定亚洲百合、东方百合、麝香百合品种群的部分栽培品种以及野生种的花粉活力.染色法的测定结果表明:野生种的花粉活力最高,接下来依次为东方百合、麝香百合、亚洲百合品种群的花粉活力最低.萌发法的测定结果表明:野生种的花粉活力最高,接下来依次为麝香百合、亚洲百合,东方百合品种群的花粉活力最低.两种方法的比较结果表明:染色法测定花粉活力是一种较为初步的、简单的方法,它仅能给育种工作提供最基础的花粉存活信息,但不能反映花粉活力的全部信息,而萌发法不仅可以反应花粉的存活状况,而且能进一步反映出花粉的萌发能力.所以,在百合的授粉过程中,需要将染色法的测定结果和萌发法的测定结果综合比较,来指导选配亲本,提高杂交育种的成功率.     

不同覆土材料对双孢蘑菇栽培影响研究

在湖北荆门对当地的3种土样及其和砻糠混合组成的6种覆土材料进行对比试验,通过试验棉花地土最适合作为双孢蘑菇简易覆土材料。     

利用RAPD标记研究部分葡萄品种的亲缘关系

对47个葡萄品种进行RAPD分析。从100条随机引物中筛选出30个多态性引物用于DNA扩增,共扩出216条DNA带,121条具有多态性,多态性比例为56.01%。通过聚类分析结果表明,供试品种分成5大类,巨峰、红瑞宝、龙宝等巨峰系品种聚为一类。其中龙宝和红瑞宝优先聚在一起。表明葡萄品种间的遗传多样性有明显差异,即使父母本相同的品种,利用RAPD技术也可以分开。聚类图显示,品种间遗传一致度与品种的遗传背景有关,如高妻与红井川,红瑞宝与龙宝优先聚在一起;有的品种虽属同一杂交组合却未能表现最大遗传一致度,如京玉与奥古斯特,在聚类图中处于相邻的位置,说明无性繁殖的葡萄在双亲基因型杂合条件下,有性杂交通过基因重组,杂种后代也可呈现出有较大遗传差异。     

无籽西瓜新品种新优39号的选育

新优39号是新疆石河子市蔬菜研究所2003年育成的中熟无籽西瓜一代杂种。通过品种比较试验、区域试验和生产试验,该品种表现优良,全生育期90d左右,果实发育期约33d。果实圆形,果皮绿底覆深绿色条带,光滑美观,厚约1.0cm;瓤色鲜红,质脆多汁,口感风味好,中心可溶性固形物含量11.4%左右;白色秕籽小而少。平均单果重4kg,667m2产量3500kg左右。综合性状超过对照。2007年2月通过新疆维吾尔自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

Effects of USP9X down-regulation on apoptosis and invasion ability of gastric carcinoma AGS cells

AIM: To investigate the effects of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 9, X-linked (USP9X) down-regulation on apoptosis and invasion ability in gastric carcinoma cells, and to explore its possible molecular mechanisms. METHODS: USP9X small interfering RNA (siRNA) and control siRNA were used to be transfected into gastric carcinoma AGS cells. The cells were divided into 3 groups, including untreated AGS group, control siRNA group and USP9X siRNA group. The expression of USP9X at mRNA and protein levels in the AGS cells with different treatments was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot. The cell viability was analyzed by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry and Boyden chamber were employed to examine the apoptosis and invasion ability of the AGS cells. RESULTS: USP9X siRNA significantly down-regulated the expression of USP9X at mRNA and protein levels in the AGS cells. Down-regulation of USP9X markedly induced apoptosis and reduced invasion ability of the gastric carcinoma AGS cells. Notably, down-regulation of USP9X significantly reduced the protein expression of Mcl-1 and MMP-2, but markedly increased the protein level of Bax. CONCLUSION: USP9X may be a key regulator for apoptosis and invasion in gastric carcinoma.     

Effect of miR-7-5p targeting Itch gene on insulin resistance model of HepG2 cells

AIM:To preliminarily explore the relationship between microRNA-7-5p (miR-7-5p) and Itch gene and their relationship with insulin resistance by establishing insulin resistance model of HepG2 cells in vitro for detecting differential expression of miR-7-5p and its predicted target gene Itch in the state of insulin resistance. METHODS:The insulin resistance model of HepG2 cells was induced by suitable concentration of plamitic acid. The possible target genes and the associated signaling pathways of miR-7-5p were predicted based on bioinformatic analysis. The expression levels of miR-7-5p and Itch were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot in the HepG2 cells with insulin resistance. RESULTS:The HepG2 cell model of insulin resistance was successfully induced by treatment with 0.25 mmol/L palmitic acid for 24 h. Compared with negative control group, the expression level of miR-7-5p detected by RT-qPCR in insulin resistance group was significantly decreased (P<0.01). Bioinformatic analysis showed that a considerable number of target genes of miR-7-5p were enriched in the ubiquitin proteasome system. Among them, E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch gene was the most relevant target gene to insulin resistance. The results of Western blot showed that the protein expression of Itch was up-regulated in the HepG2 cells under insulin resistance (P<0.01). CONCLUSION:miR-7-5p may be involved in the pathophysiological process of insulin resistance, which may directly or indirectly affect the normal transduction of insulin signaling pathway by targeting Itch gene.     

苹果bZIP转录因子基因MdAREB2功能的初步研究

对‘嘎拉’苹果中的1个bZIP转录因子基因MdAREB2(序列号:MDP0000248567)进行功能初步研究。蛋白进化树分析表明,苹果MdAREB2与拟南芥AtAREB2具有很高的同源性。利用PlantCare数据库进行启动子顺式作用元件的预测分析,MdAREB2启动子序列中存在脱落酸响应元件ABRE。实时定量PCR检测表明,MdAREB2明显受ABA诱导。拟南芥种子萌发阶段经过0.5和2μmol·L~(-1)ABA处理后发现突变体abi5中过量表达MdAREB2能够恢复对ABA的敏感性。拟南芥幼苗生长阶段,经过20μmol·L~(-1) ABA处理后发现,突变体abi5中过量表达MdAREB2能够部分恢复对ABA的敏感性。     

过表达苹果多肽激素基因MdCEP1促进花青苷积累

以‘王林’苹果(Malus×domestica‘Orin’)愈伤组织为试材,初步探讨苹果多肽激素Md CEP1(C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDE1)在调控花青苷合成方面的作用。分析显示Md CEP1位于苹果第15号染色体,只有1个外显子。蛋白序列比对显示不同物种中CEP结构域非常保守。启动子分析表明,Md CEP1启动子序列包含多个顺式作用元件,包括与分生组织有关的CAT-box元件、赤霉素响应元件(P-box)、光响应元件(MNF1)和与类黄酮合成相关的MYB类蛋白结合位点(MBSI)。通过农杆菌介导的遗传转化获得Md CEP1转基因苹果愈伤组织,进一步分析发现过表达Md CEP1能够明显促进愈伤组织花青苷积累,并且促进花青苷合成相关基因的表达。Md CEP1在拟南芥中异位表达,同样能够促进拟南芥中花青苷的积累,并且促进拟南芥花青苷合成相关基因的表达。研究结果表明,Md CEP1能够正调控苹果花青苷的合成。     

核桃新品种‘美香’

‘美香’是从‘香玲’ב云新34号’杂交后代中选出的晚实核桃新品种。坚果椭圆形,果基圆,果顶圆,外形美观,壳面光滑,单果质量8.7~18.5 g,平均12.8 g。果壳厚度1.14 mm,出仁率55.5%,可取整仁。核仁特充实、饱满,浅黄或黄白色,香而不涩,脂肪含量68.7%,蛋白质含量19.1%。丰产性强,有较强的抗寒、抗病能力。